Multiple Choice: Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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A researcher
recently discovered a species of bacteria. DNA sequences were obtained from it and from several
other species of bacteria. The DNA sequences came from the same part of the bacterial chromosome
of each species.
According to the data above, the unknown bacteria
are most closely related to which
species?
A | Species
I | C | Species
III | B | Species
II | D | Species
IV |
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2.
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Students will conduct a
laboratory experiment using the following materials: a Bunsen burner, a beaker of water, glass
tubing, four test tubes containing different chemicals, and rubber stoppers. Which of these steps is most critical
for students to follow when using these materials in the lab?
A | wearing eye protection at
all times | B | writing the lab procedure in a notebook | C | washing hands before starting the
experiment | D | placing a stopper on all test tubes before heating
them |
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3.
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Hemoglobin is an
important protein in red blood cells. The DNA code for hemoglobin contains the following
segment:
TGC-GGA-CTC-CTC Which of these is the messenger RNA code for this segment of
DNA?
A | ACG-CCT-GAA-GAA | C | ACG-CCU-GAG-GAG | B | TCC-GGT-CTC-CTC | D | UGC-GGA-CUC-CUC |
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4.
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Which of these are
the repeating units that form a DNA molecule?
A | fatty
acids | C | amino
acids | B | nucleotides | D | chromosomes |
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5.
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Which of these is an example of homeostasis
in a multicellular organism?
A | inheriting a trait | C | building a nest | B | growing larger and
stronger | D | regulating body temperature |
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Hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells,
carries oxygen. Abnormal hemoglobin cannot carry as much oxygen as normal hemoglobin. The sequences
below show sections of the DNA sequence that produce both the normal and abnormal types of
hemoglobin.
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6.
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Which of the following amino acid sequences is
produced from the abnormal DNA sequence?
A | proline – valine – glutamic
acid | B | glutamic acid – leucine -
leucine | C | valine – glutamic acid – glutamic
acid | D | proline – glutamic acid – glutamic
acid |
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7.
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Which of these represents the structure of
messenger RNA?
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8.
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Which of these should be done before beginning a
laboratory investigation?
A | collect data | C | draw conclusions | B | review the procedure | D | record data on
table |
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9.
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Most organisms need oxygen for their cells to
function normally. In mammals, two organ systems work together to move oxygen throughout the
body.
The respiratory system brings oxygen into the body from the environment. Which of
these body systems is directly involved in the delivery of oxygen to the major organs of the
human body?
A | the nervous system | C | the
endocrine system | B | the digestive
system | D | the circulatory system |
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10.
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The genetic information for making a protein
must move from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Which of these moves this information to the
cytoplasm?
A | an amino acid | C | DNA | B | RNA | D | a ribosome |
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11.
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A cellular process uses a strand of genetic
material to produce a new strand. Parts of the strands are shown
below.
This new strand will most likely
be used for
A | gene splicing | C | crossing-over | B | DNA
synthesis | D | protein synthesis |
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12.
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Which sequence shows the progression from least complex structure to most
complex structure?
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13.
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Which phrase best describes an organ system?
A | group of specialized cells that forms organs | B | group of cells that
differentiates at the same rate | C | group of tissues that performs a
function | D | group of organs that work together |
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14.
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Which of the following is a direct result of a normal cell's ability to
express only certain genes?
A | Cells can become totipotent. | C | Cells can mutate and
adapt. | B | Cells can grow and reproduce. | D | Cells can differentiate and
specialize. |
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15.
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Stem cells are important to multicellular organisms because of their
A | capacity to differentiate. | C | potential to become
totipotent. | B | tendency to maintain homeostasis. | D | ability to
relocate. |
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16.
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Which type of stem cell can grow into any other cell type?
A | somatic | C | totipotent | B | multipotent | D | pluripotent |
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Use the diagram below to answer the next two numbers.
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17.
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Which of these is a nucleotide?
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18.
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Which of these is a sugar?
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19.
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Which of these is a phosphate?
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20.
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Which of these are the base pairs?
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21.
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Which of the following processes results in cells losing their potential to
become any type of cell?
A | specialization | C | differentiation | B | determination | D | apoptosis |
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22.
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Which cells are produced during the first few divisions of the zygote?
A | epithelial cells | C | bone cells | B | cardiac muscle cells | D | embryonic stem
cells |
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23.
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Which of the following is the most complex level of organization in a
multicellular structure?
A | organ systems | C | organs | B | cells | D | tissues |
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24.
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The major organ system that eliminates waste products is the
A | endocrine system. | C | reproductive system | B | excretory system. | D | integumentary
system. |
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25.
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Apoptosis is a normal part of
A | determination. | C | systems. | B | development. | D | tissues. |
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26.
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The nucleotide base sequence of a strand of DNA
is TAC-CGG-AGT. What is the sequence of the complementary DNA strand?
A | TAC-CGG-AGT | C | AGT-TCC-TAC | B | ACT-GAA-CGA | D | ATG-GCC-TCA |
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27.
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Two segments of DNA are shown in the diagram
below.Normal thymine
(T) is found in the old strand. It is replaced by an abnormal molecule (T*) in the new strand. The
abnormal molecule (T*) binds to guanine (G) instead of binding to adenine (A). This is an example
of
A | an adaptation | C | a
mutation | B | protein synthesis | D | binary
fission |
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Use the information below to answer the
following item.
Hummingbirds need large amounts of energy to flap their wings between
60 and 200 times per second. Their wings beat so rapidly that it is difficult to see them move. They
often appear suspended in air for extended periods of time without changing their location.
Hummingbirds have long bills and grooved tongues to reach into flowers to feed on flower nectar. They
also feed on insects.
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28.
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The body system most directly interacting with the
skeletal system to enable hummingbirds to beat their wings between 60 and 200 times per second is the
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A | digestive system | C | endocrine system | B | muscular
system | D | circulatory system |
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Use the information and the graph below to
answer the following questions.
A group of students measured the volume of air they exhaled
during three different activities: sitting, walking, and running. The volume of exhaled air is
directly related to the amount of carbon dioxide produced. The data the students collected are
summarized in the graph below.
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29.
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Which of these statements best explains the
data?
A | As metabolism increases, the amount of carbon dioxide
produced decreases. | B | As metabolism
increases, the amount of carbon dioxide produced increases. | C | The rate of metabolism depends on the amount of carbon dioxide
produced. | D | The amount of carbon dioxide production remains constant
as metabolism increases. |
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30.
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According to the data, as physical activity
increases, the amount of carbon dioxide produced
A | decreases | C | remains
constant | B | increases | D | decreases, then
increases |
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31.
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Cheryl wants to perform an investigation that
requires using hazardous chemicals. The following steps of the investigation are not in the correct
order. 1. Perform the investigation 2. Design the investigation 3. Put on gloves,
goggles, and an apron 4. Dispose of waste materials Which of these is the correct sequence
of steps to safely complete the investigation?
A | 1-3-4-2 | C | 4-1-3-2 | B | 3-2-1-4 | D | 2-3-1-4 |
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Use the information and the diagram below to
answer the following questions.
Squid are marine animals that have a complete circulatory
system and reproduce sexually. A diagram of a squid is shown below.
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32.
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Which of these transports nutrients to the cells
of a squid?
A | gametes | C | sea water | B | blood | D | nerves |
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33.
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What organ system controls the movement of the
squid’s tentacles?
A | circulatory system | C | respiratory system | B | nervous
system | D | excretory system |
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34.
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Below are parts of the mitochondrial DNA codes
for the American black bear, the giant panda, the red panda, and the raccoon.Based on this information, which two species are
most closely related?
A | the American black bear and the giant
panda | B | the American black bear and the
raccoon | C | the red panda and the raccoon | D | the red panda and the giant panda |
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35.
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Which of these
segments could be used to correctly complete the DNA molecule in the diagram above?
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Sensors,
control centers, communication systems, and targets work together in what is known as a feedback
loop. Feedback is information from sensors that allows a control center to compare current
conditions to a set of ideal values. In a feedback loop, information moves continuously among
sensors, a control center, and a target. Negative feedback loops counteract any change that
moves conditions above or below a set point. For instance, if your fluid balance falls below a set
point, your brain sends signals that cause you to drink more. Positive feedback loops increase
change away from set points. In an emergency, for example, adrenaline pours into your system to give
you more strength until the emergency is over.
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36.
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This type of feedback counteracts a change in a way
that helps bring the body back to normal. Example: breathing faster while running to keep oxygen
moving into muscle cells.
A | Positive feedback | B | Negative Feedback |
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37.
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This type of feedback increases change in a way that enables the body to
accomplish a specific task. Example: blood clotting to begin healing a wound
A | Positive feedback | B | Negative
feedback |
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38.
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It’s a hot day and you’re sweating. Sweating helps keep body
temperature from rising too high. This response is an example of -
A | Positive feedback | B | Negative
feedback |
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39.
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Human growth hormone is produced during the years that a child’s body is
growing. When adulthood is reached, the body’s cells no longer need the same amount of growth
hormone, so hormone production is reduced. This response is an example of -
A | Positive feedback | B | Negative
feedback |
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40.
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During childbirth, a woman's body produces oxytocin, which causes the
uterus to contract. To maintain the contractions, more oxytocin is produced until the baby is
born. This is an example of
A | negative feedback. | B | positive
feedback. |
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