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BIOLOGY TEST 6 - SET C

Multiple Choice: DARKEN the letter that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 
 
The pedigree below shows a family’s pedigree for Huntington’s disease.
nar001-1.jpg
 

 1. 
Which family members are afflicted with Huntington’s disease?
A
I-1, II-2, II-3, II-7, III-3
B
I-2, II-1, II-4, II-6, II-8
C
II-2, II-3, III-1
D
II-3, II-7, II-8, III-4
 

 2. 
There are no carriers for Huntington’s disease. You either have it or you don’t. With this in mind, what type of inheritance does Huntington’s disease follow?
A
autosomal recessive
C
sex-linked
B
autosomal dominant
D
codominant
 

 3. 
How many children did individuals I-1 and I-2 have?
A
2
C
4
E
6
B
3
D
5
 

 4. 
How many girls did II-1 and II-2 have? How many are affected?
A
2 girls, none with Huntington’s disease
B
2 girls, one with Huntington’s disease
C
3 girls, two with Huntington’s disease
D
3 girls, one with Huntington’s disease
E
3 girls, all with Huntington’s disease
 

 5. 
How are individuals III-2 and II-4 related?
A
daughter and mother
B
nephew and aunt
C
grandson and grandfather
D
niece and uncle
E
granddaughter and grandfather
 

 6. 
How are individuals I-2 and III-5 related?
A
grandma and granddaughter
D
father and daughter
B
grandma and grandson
E
mother and daughter
C
mother and son
 
 
The pedigree below shows a family’s pedigree for colorblindness:
nar002-1.jpg
 

 7. 
Which sex can be carriers of colorblindness and not have it?
A
females
B
males
 

 8. 
What kind of trait is colorblindness?
A
autosomal dominant
D
codominant
B
autosomal recessive
E
sex-linked recessive
C
sex-linked dominant
 

 9. 
What is the genotype of individual IV-7?
A
XbXb
D
XBXb
B
XbY
E
XBXB
C
XBY
 

 10. 
All of the following statements about colorblindness are true, EXCEPT:
A
Males are usually more severely affected than females. The trait may be lethal in males.
B
Parents of affected children may be related. The rarer the trait in the general population, the more likely a consanguineous mating is involved.
C
All sons of an affected male and a normal female are normal. All daughters of an affected male and a normal female are affected.
D
The trait is never passed from father to son.
E
Matings of affected females and normal males produce 1/2 the sons affected and 1/2 the daughters affected.
 

 11. 
Why do all the daughters in generation II carry the colorblind gene?
A
Their mother is a carrier with the Xb gene
B
Their dad is affected with only Xb gene to give to them
C
Their dad is homozygous dominant for the disorder
D
Their mom is homozygous recessive for the disorder
E
Their mom is heterozygous for the disorder
 

 12. 
Name two fourth generation colorblind males.
A
IV-1 and IV-7
D
IV-3 and Iv-6
B
IV-5 and IV-7
E
IV-1 and IV-5
C
IV-1 and IV-3
 
 
In the pedigree below, different blood types are identified by the letters A, B, AB, and O.
nar003-1.jpg
 

 13. 
Individuals II-4 and II-5 have just had identical twin girls. List the possible blood types these infants may have based on the information provided in the pedigree
A
Types A, B, AB and O
D
Types A and AB
B
Types A and B
E
Type O
C
Types B and AB
 

 14. 
Individuals II-6 and II-7 have a second child with blood type O. What does this tell you about II-6’s genotype?
A
IBi
D
IAIA
B
IBIB
E
ii
C
IAi
 

 15. 
Could I-1 and I-2 have a child with the AB blood type?
A
yes
B
no
 

 16. 
Which member of the family can only get blood from a type O donor?
A
I-2
D
I-4, II-3, II-4, II-6
B
I-3, II-1, II-2, II-5
E
the twins
C
I-1 and II-7
 

 17. 
Which blood type can receive from type A, B, AB and O?
A
type A
C
type AB
B
type B
D
type O
 

 18. 
The Punnett square in Figure 7.1 shows a cross between two parents who have the genotype Ss for a genetic disorder caused by a recessive allele. Which of the following will have the genetic disorder?
mc018-1.jpg
A
Ss parent
B
Ss offspring
C
SS offspring
D
ss offspring
 

 19. 
Figure 8.1 shows a single strand of DNA. Choose the first three nucleotides of the other DNA strand.

mc019-1.jpg
A
GGT
B
CCT
C
GGC
D
TTA
 

 20. 
Figure 8.2 shows a single strand of DNA. Choose the first three nucleotides of the complementary RNA strand.

mc020-1.jpg
A
AUT
B
CTA
C
AUC
D
ACG
 

 21. 
Normal human males develop from fertilized eggs containing which of the following sex chromosome combinations?
A
XY
C
XO
B
XX
D
OO
 

 22. 
Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes containing genes that code for
A
different traits.
C
DNA.
B
the same traits.
D
sex.
 

 23. 
In humans, gametes contain
A
22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome.
B
1 autosome and 22 sex chromosomes.
C
45 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome.
D
1 autosome and 45 sex chromosomes.
 

 24. 
In humans, the male determines the sex of the child because males have
A
two X chromosomes.
C
two Y chromosomes.
B
one X and one Y chromosome.
D
46 chromosomes.
 

 25. 
female : XX ::
A
female : gametes
C
male : YY
B
female : eggs
D
male : XY
 
 
In humans, having freckles (F) is dominant to not having freckles (f). The inheritance of these traits can be studied using a Punnett square similar to the one shown below.
nar004-1.jpg
 

 26. 
Refer to the illustration above. The child represented in box 1 in the Punnett square would
A
be homozygous for freckles.
B
have an extra freckles chromosome.
C
be heterozygous for freckles.
D
not have freckles.
 

 27. 
Refer to the illustration above. The parents shown in the Punnett square could have children with a phenotype ratio of
A
1:2:1.
C
3:1.
B
4:0.
D
2:2.
 

 28. 
Refer to the illustration above. Which box in the Punnett square represents a child who does not have freckles?
A
box 1
C
box 3
B
box 2
D
box 4
 

 29. 
Refer to the illustration above. The child in box 3 of the Punnett square has the genotype
A
FF.
C
ff.
B
Ff.
D
FfFf.
 
 
In rabbits, black fur (B) is dominant to brown fur (b). Consider the following cross between two rabbits.

nar005-1.jpg
 

 30. 
Refer to the illustration above. The device shown, which is used to determine the probable outcome of genetic crosses, is called a
A
Mendelian box.
C
genetic graph.
B
Punnett square.
D
phenotypic paradox.
 

 31. 
Refer to the illustration above. Both of the parents in the cross are
A
black.
C
homozygous dominant.
B
brown.
D
homozygous recessive.
 

 32. 
Refer to the illustration above. The phenotype of the offspring indicated by box 3 would be
A
brown.
C
a mixture of brown and black.
B
black.
D
white.
 

 33. 
Refer to the illustration above. The genotypic ratio of the F1 generation would be
A
1:1.
C
1:3.
B
3:1.
D
1:2:1.
 
 
Hemophilia is a rare hereditary human disease of the blood. The blood of individuals with this condition does not clot properly. Without the capacity for blood clotting, even a small cut can be lethal. In a marriage of two non-hemophiliac parents, a bleeder son is born.
 

 34. 
What is the genotype of the father?
A
XHY
D
XHXh
B
XHXH
E
XhXh
C
XhY
 

 35. 
What is the genotype of the hemophiliac son?
A
XHXH
D
XhY
B
XHXh
E
XhXh
C
XHY
 

 36. 
What is the genotype of the mother?
A
XHXH
D
XhY
B
XHXh
E
XhXh
C
XHY
 

 37. 
What is the genotype of the hemophiliac daughter?
A
XHXH
D
XHY
B
XHXh
E
XhY
C
XhXh
 
 
Hemophilia is a sex-linked trait found on the X chromosome. To get this disorder, a person must have a recessive copy of the gene (h) on every X chromosome. A woman who is a carrier for the disease had a baby with a man who had the disease.
 

 38. 
What is the genotype of the woman?
A
XHXh
D
XhXh
B
XHXH
E
XhY
C
XHY
 

 39. 
What is the genotype of the man?
A
XHXH
D
XHY
B
XhXh
E
XHXh
C
XhY
 

 40. 
Predict the genotypic probabilities of the offspring in this marriage?
A
25% XHY, 50% XHXh, 25% XhY
B
25% XhXh, 25% XHXh, 25% XHY, 25% XhY
C
25% XHXH, 25% XhXh, 25% XHY, 25% XhY
D
50% XHY, 50% XHXh
 

 41. 
Predict the phenotypic probabilities of the offspring in this marriage?
A
50% of the offspring are affected, 50% of them are normal
B
100% of the offspring are affected
C
100% of the offspring are normal
D
25% of the offspring are affected, 75% of them are normal
 

 42. 
How many phenotypes would result from the following Punnett square, assuming the trait has a pattern of complete dominance?
mc042-1.jpg
A
2
C
4
B
3
D
1
 
 
The pedigree below shows a family’s pedigree for Hitchhiker’s thumb versus having a straight thumb.
nar008-1.jpg
 

 43. 
Based on the pedigree, what inheritance pattern characterizes Hitchhiker’s thumb?
A
autosomal dominant
D
codominant traits
B
autosomal recessive
E
polygenic inheritance
C
sex-linked trait
 

 44. 
What is the basis for the inheritance exhibited in Hitchhiker’s thumb?
A
The genes are never passed from father to son.
B
About 1/2 of the offspring of an affected individual are affected.
C
Males are usually more severely affected than females
D
Each affected individual has an affected parent.
E
There is skipping of generations.
 

 45. 
How are individuals III-4 and III-5 related?
A
grandparents-grandchild
D
cousins
B
uncle - niece
E
siblings
C
father - daughter
 

 46. 
How would you name the two individuals that have hitchhiker’s thumb?
A
IV-2 and IV-4
D
III-4 and III-5
B
I-1 and I-2
E
III-1 and III-2
C
II-3 and II-4
 

 47. 
Is it possible for individual IV-3 to be a carrier?
A
yes
D
it depends on her father
B
no
E
only if it skips generation
C
highly unlikely
 

 48. 
Identify the two individuals that were carriers of Hitchhiker thumb?
A
IV-2 and IV-4
D
III-4 and III-5
B
II-3 and II-4
E
I-1 and I-2
C
II-5 and II-6
 

 49. 
How are individuals III-1 and III-2 related?
A
They are sisters
C
They are cousins
B
They are brothers
D
They are married
 
 
Figure A:
nar009-1.jpg
 

 50. 
What is the genotype of the father in Figure A?
A
PP
C
pp
B
Pp
D
P
 

 51. 
What is the genotype of the mother in Figure A?
A
PP
C
pp
B
Pp
D
P
 
 
The energy pyramid below shows the flow of energy through the organisms in a kelp forest ecosystem in the Pacific Ocean. Use the energy pyramid to answer the following questions.
nar010-1.jpg
 

 52. 
What is the lowest level of the energy pyramid that contains carnivores?
A
level 1
B
level 2
C
level 3
D
level 4
 

 53. 
In humans, the allele for having a hairline with a widow’s peak (H) is dominant to having a straight hairline (h).
mc053-1.jpg
A woman that is homozygous dominant for having a widow’s peak and a man that is heterozygous for having a widow’s peak have a child. What is the probability that their child will have a widow’s peak?
A
0%
B
50%
C
75%
D
100%
 
 
Use the information and the figure below to answer the following question.

The figure below shows the skeletal structure of a seal’s flipper and a monkey’s arm.
nar011-1.jpg
The skeletal structures of the flipper and the arm are similar, even though they have
different functions. Seals use their flippers for swimming, while monkeys use their arms primarily for grasping and lifting.
 

 54. 
The seal’s flipper and the monkey’s arm differ in appearance. This difference is the result of
A
migration
B
genetic engineering
C
succession
D
natural selection
 

 55. 
Which of these explains why the skeletal structures of the seal’s flipper and the monkey’s arm are similar?
A
Seals and monkeys have a common ancestor.
B
Seals and monkeys have identical DNA sequences.
C
All of the same genetic mutations occurred in seals and monkeys.
D
All of the same vitamins are used for bone formation in seals and monkeys
 

 56. 
If a characteristic is sex-linked, the gene for it is found on
A
a sex chromosome.
C
a linked chromosome.
B
an autosome.
D
an allele.
 

 57. 
Since the allele for colorblindness is located on the X chromosome, colorblindness
A
cannot be inherited.
C
is sex-linked.
B
occurs only in adults.
D
occurs only in females.
 

 58. 
What would be the blood type of a person who inherited an A allele from one parent and an O allele from the other?
A
type A
C
type AB
B
type B
D
type O
 

 59. 
The ears of foxes help to regulate body heat. The fennec fox lives in the North African desert and has large ears that release body heat. The Arctic fox lives in cold climates and has small ears that conserve body heat.
mc059-1.jpg
Which of these processes led to the development of different ear sizes in foxes?
A
selective breeding
B
succession
C
natural selection
D
mutualism
 

 60. 
A student designed the chart below to classify different organisms into four groups.
mc060-1.jpg
According to the student’s classification chart, an organism with no wings and four
legs would belong to which group?
A
Group A
B
Group B
C
Group C
D
Group D
 

 61. 
In humans, hemophilia is a sex-linked trait. Females can be normal, carrier or have the disease. Males will either have the disease or not. Which of the following shows the cross between a female carrier and a hemophilic male?
A
mc061-1.jpg and mc061-2.jpg
B
mc061-3.jpg and mc061-4.jpg
C
mc061-5.jpg and  mc061-6.jpg
D
mc061-7.jpg and mc061-8.jpg
 
 
Use the the information and the pedigree below to answer the next three (3) questions.

In humans, the allele for having feet with normal arches is dominant (A). The allele
for flat feet is recessive (a). The pedigree below shows the occurrence of normal
arches and flat feet in four generations of a family. In the pedigree, individuals are
identified by the generation and individual numbers. For example, Individual 2 in
Generation I is identified as I-2.
nar012-1.jpg
 

 62. 
Which of these individuals in the pedigree is a male with the genotype aa?
A
Individual I-1
C
Individual III-2
B
Individual II-2
D
Individual III-5
 

 63. 
Individuals III-6 and III-7 have two children and are expecting a third child. Their two children have flat feet. What is the chance that the third child will have normal arches?
A
25%
B
50%
C
75%
D
100%
 

 64. 
Which of these Punnett squares shows the cross between Individual II-4 and Individual II-5?
A
mc064-1.jpg
C
mc064-3.jpg
B
mc064-2.jpg
D
mc064-4.jpg
 
 
Use the information below to answer the following item.

Scientists determined that excess fertilizer from farms entered a shallow lake. The
fertilizer caused an increase in aquatic plants in the lake and then a decrease in
oxygen in the water. Next, organic debris collected on the bottom of the lake. Over
several years, the lake gradually filled in with organic sediment.
 

 65. 
One species of aquatic plant found in the lake has 84 chromosomes in each cell. As nutrient levels increased, the population of this species increased through vegetative reproduction. How many chromosomes were in the cells of the offspring?
A
21
C
84
B
42
D
168
 

 66. 
A diagram in which several generations of a family and the occurrence of certain genetic characteristics are shown is called a
A
Punnett square.
C
pedigree.
B
monohybrid cross.
D
family karyotype.
 
 
Mrs. Clink is type A and Mr. Clink is type O. They have three children named Matthew, Mark, and Luke. Mark is type O, Matthew is type A, and Luke is type AB.
 

 67. 
Based on the information above, Mr. Clink must have the genotype:
A
IAIA
D
IAi
B
IBIB
E
IBi
C
IAIB
F
ii
 

 68. 
Based on the information above, Mrs. Clink must have the genotype:
A
IAIA
D
IAi
B
IBIB
E
IBi
C
IAIB
F
ii
 

 69. 
Based on the information above, Luke must have the genotype:
A
IAIA
D
IAi
B
IBIB
E
IBi
C
IAIB
F
ii
 

 70. 
_________ cannot be the child of these parents because neither parent has the allele.
A
Luke
D
Luke and Mathew
B
Mathew
E
Mathew and Mark
C
Mark
F
Mark and Luke
 



 
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